添加直接语义匹配功能，优化数据库检索模块，支持实时计算和动态负载均衡

model/LMConfig.py

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 from transformers import PretrainedConfig
-from typing import List
+from typing import List, Optional, Union
 
 
 class LMConfig(PretrainedConfig):
@@ -12,17 +12,24 @@ class LMConfig(PretrainedConfig):
             n_heads: int = 32,
             n_kv_heads: int = 8,
             vocab_size: int = 6400,
-            hidden_dim: int = None,
+            hidden_dim: Optional[int] = None,
             multiple_of: int = 64,
             norm_eps: float = 1e-5,
             max_seq_len: int = 8192,
-            rope_theta: int = 1e6,
+            rope_theta: float = 1e6,
             dropout: float = 0.0,
             flash_attn: bool = True,
             ####################################################
             # DB related configurations
             ####################################################
             disable_db: bool = False,  # 特殊模式：禁用数据库功能
+            use_direct_semantic: bool = False,  # 是否使用直接语义匹配（替代Product Key）
+            realtime_steps: int = 2000,  # 前多少步使用实时计算（后续使用渐进式缓存）
+            db_intelligent_balance: bool = True,  # 是否启用智能负载均衡
+            db_relevance_threshold: float = 0.7,  # 相关性阈值（第一层过滤）
+            db_balance_strength: float = 0.3,  # 平衡权重的基础值
+            db_momentum: float = 0.9,  # 使用频率统计的动量
+            db_adaptive_weights: bool = True,  # 是否启用动态权重调整
             ####################################################
             # Here are the specific configurations of MOE
             # When use_moe is false, the following is invalid
@@ -57,6 +64,13 @@ class LMConfig(PretrainedConfig):
         # DB related configurations
         ####################################################
         self.disable_db = disable_db  # 设置是否禁用数据库
+        self.use_direct_semantic = use_direct_semantic  # 是否使用直接语义匹配（替代Product Key）
+        self.realtime_steps = realtime_steps  # 前多少步使用实时计算（后续使用渐进式缓存）
+        self.db_intelligent_balance = db_intelligent_balance  # 是否启用智能负载均衡
+        self.db_relevance_threshold = db_relevance_threshold  # 相关性阈值（第一层过滤）
+        self.db_balance_strength = db_balance_strength  # 平衡权重的基础值
+        self.db_momentum = db_momentum  # 使用频率统计的动量
+        self.db_adaptive_weights = db_adaptive_weights  # 是否启用动态权重调整
         ####################################################
         # Here are the specific configurations of MOE
         # When use_moe is false, the following is invalid

model/model.py

@@ -188,11 +188,6 @@ class Attention(nn.Module):
 
         # 应用旋转位置编码（使用实数版本）
         xq, xk = apply_rotary_emb_real(xq, xk, pos_cis)
-        # kv_cache实现 REMOVED
-        # if past_key_value is not None:
-        #     xk = torch.cat([past_key_value[0], xk], dim=1)
-        #     xv = torch.cat([past_key_value[1], xv], dim=1)
-        # past_kv = (xk, xv) if use_cache else None
 
         # 重复键值对
         xq, xk, xv = (
@@ -440,66 +435,7 @@ class MiniMindBlock(nn.Module):
         self.ffn_norm = RMSNorm(config.dim, eps=config.norm_eps)
         self.feed_forward = FeedForward(config) if not config.use_moe else MOEFeedForward(config)
 
-        # 假设num_experts是已定义的总专家数量的平方根
-
-
-        # 查询生成的参数
-
-
-        # 创建查询生成模块
-        # if weight_down_embed is not None:
-        #     self.to_queries = nn.Sequential(
-        #         nn.Linear(config.dim, self.dim_key * 2, bias=False),
-        #         # nn.Unflatten(2, (2, self.n_heads, self.dim_key))  # 替代Rearrange
-        #     )
-
-        #     # 超参数
-        #     self.product_key_topk = min(16, self.num_keys)  # 确保不超过num_keys
-        #     self.num_experts_per_head_topk = 1  # 最终每个头选取的专家数
-
     def forward(self, x, db_value, pos_cis):
-        # import pdb;pdb.set_trace()
-        # db_value = None
-
-        # # 如果有weight_down_embed，使用Product Key机制
-        # if self.weight_down_embed is not None:
-        #     # 1. 生成queries
-        #     batch_size, seq_len, dim = x.shape
-
-        #     # collapse sequence dimension by averaging
-        #     x_flat = x.mean(dim=1)  # [batch_size, dim]
-        #     queries = self.to_queries(x_flat)  # [batch_size, 2*dim_key]
-        #     queries = queries.reshape(batch_size, 2, self.dim_key)  # [batch_size, 2, dim_key]
-        #     queries = queries.permute(1, 0, 2)  # [2, batch_size, dim_key]
-
-        #     # 2. 计算queries与keys的相似度
-        #     sim = torch.einsum('p b d, k p d -> p b k', queries, self.keys)
-
-        #     # 3. 在两个子空间分别做top-k
-        #     scores_and_indices = [sim[p].topk(self.product_key_topk, dim=-1) for p in range(2)]
-        #     scores_x, scores_y = scores_and_indices[0][0], scores_and_indices[1][0]
-        #     indices_x, indices_y = scores_and_indices[0][1], scores_and_indices[1][1]
-
-        #     # 4. 组合两个子空间的分数和索引
-        #     all_scores = scores_x.unsqueeze(-1) + scores_y.unsqueeze(-2)
-        #     all_scores = all_scores.view(*all_scores.shape[:-2], -1)
-
-        #     all_indices = (indices_x.unsqueeze(-1) * self.num_keys) + indices_y.unsqueeze(-2)
-        #     all_indices = all_indices.view(*all_indices.shape[:-2], -1)
-
-        #     # 5. 最终top-k选择
-        #     scores, pk_indices = all_scores.topk(self.num_experts_per_head_topk, dim=-1)
-        #     indices = all_indices.gather(-1, pk_indices)
-
-        #     # 6. 从embedding中获取专家值
-
-        #     # 从embedding中获取值
-        #     flat_indices = indices.view(-1)  # 将索引展平为一维张量
-        #     db_values = self.weight_down_embed(flat_indices)
-
-        #     # 重塑回原始形状
-        #     db_value = db_values.view(batch_size, -1, dim)
-
 
         # 注意力计算
         h_attn = self.attention(
@@ -518,7 +454,7 @@ class MiniMindBlock(nn.Module):
         return out 
 
 class ExtractDB(nn.Module):
-    def __init__(self,params):
+    def __init__(self, params, tok_embeddings=None):
          # 修改专家数量和知识维度，确保能开方
         super().__init__()
         self.batch_size = None
@@ -529,12 +465,27 @@ class ExtractDB(nn.Module):
         self.head_dim = params.dim // params.n_heads
         self.knowledge_length = params.knowledge_length
 
-        # 使用register_buffer代替nn.Parameter，避免梯度问题
-        # self.register_buffer('weight_down_embed', torch.randn(self.knowledge_num, self.knowledge_length) * 0.02)
-        self.register_buffer('weight_down_embed',torch.randint(low=0,high=6400, size=(self.knowledge_num, self.knowledge_length),dtype=torch.long))
+        # 智能负载均衡相关参数
+        self.enable_intelligent_balance = getattr(params, 'db_intelligent_balance', True)
+        self.relevance_threshold = getattr(params, 'db_relevance_threshold', 0.7)
+        self.base_balance_strength = getattr(params, 'db_balance_strength', 0.3)
+        self.momentum = getattr(params, 'db_momentum', 0.9)
+        self.adaptive_weights = getattr(params, 'db_adaptive_weights', True)
         
+        # 动态权重调整参数
+        self.current_relevance_weight = 0.8  # 开始时更重视相关性
+        self.current_balance_weight = 0.2
+        self.weight_update_frequency = 100  # 每100步调整一次权重
+        self.step_counter = 0
         
+        # 使用频率统计 - 使用register_buffer以便在GPU/CPU间正确移动
+        self.register_buffer('usage_counts', torch.zeros(self.knowledge_num))
+        self.register_buffer('total_queries', torch.tensor(0.0))
 
+        # 知识库存储 - 使用register_buffer因为这是整数索引，不需要梯度
+        self.register_buffer('weight_down_embed', 
+            torch.randint(low=0, high=6400, size=(self.knowledge_num, self.knowledge_length), dtype=torch.long)
+        )
 
         self.num_keys = int(math.sqrt(self.knowledge_num)) if self.knowledge_num > 0 else 0
         self.product_key_topk = min(16, self.num_keys)
@@ -544,6 +495,144 @@ class ExtractDB(nn.Module):
                 nn.Linear(params.dim, self.dim_key * 2, bias=False),
         )
         
+        # 存储token embeddings的引用，用于计算真实的语义相关性
+        self.tok_embeddings = tok_embeddings
+
+    def update_usage_statistics(self, selected_indices):
+        """更新数据库条目的使用统计"""
+        if not self.training or not self.enable_intelligent_balance:
+            return
+            
+        with torch.no_grad():
+            # 统计当前batch中每个条目的使用次数
+            batch_usage = torch.zeros(self.knowledge_num, device=selected_indices.device)
+            unique_indices, counts = torch.unique(selected_indices, return_counts=True)
+            batch_usage[unique_indices] = counts.float()
+            
+            # 使用简单的tensor操作来更新统计
+            current_usage = self.usage_counts.clone()
+            current_total = self.total_queries.clone()
+            
+            new_usage = self.momentum * current_usage + (1 - self.momentum) * batch_usage
+            new_total = current_total + selected_indices.numel()
+            
+            # 直接替换buffer内容
+            self.usage_counts.copy_(new_usage)
+            self.total_queries.copy_(new_total)
+
+    def update_dynamic_weights(self):
+        """动态调整相关性和平衡权重"""
+        if not self.adaptive_weights or not self.training:
+            return
+            
+        self.step_counter += 1
+        
+        # 每隔一定步数调整权重
+        if self.step_counter % self.weight_update_frequency == 0:
+            with torch.no_grad():
+                if self.total_queries > 0:
+                    # 计算使用分布的方差（不平衡程度）
+                    usage_rates = self.usage_counts / self.total_queries
+                    usage_variance = usage_rates.var().item()
+                    
+                    # 根据不平衡程度调整权重
+                    if usage_variance > 0.01:  # 高度不平衡
+                        self.current_relevance_weight = max(0.5, self.current_relevance_weight - 0.1)
+                        self.current_balance_weight = min(0.5, self.current_balance_weight + 0.1)
+                    elif usage_variance < 0.001:  # 已经很平衡
+                        self.current_relevance_weight = min(0.9, self.current_relevance_weight + 0.1)
+                        self.current_balance_weight = max(0.1, self.current_balance_weight - 0.1)
+                    
+                    # 确保权重和为1
+                    total_weight = self.current_relevance_weight + self.current_balance_weight
+                    self.current_relevance_weight /= total_weight
+                    self.current_balance_weight /= total_weight
+
+    def intelligent_selection(self, query, all_scores, all_indices):
+        """智能分层选择策略"""
+        if not self.enable_intelligent_balance or not self.training:
+            return all_scores
+            
+        with torch.no_grad():
+            batch_size = all_scores.size(0)
+            device = all_scores.device
+            dtype = all_scores.dtype
+            
+            # 更新动态权重
+            self.update_dynamic_weights()
+            
+            # 对每个batch进行分层选择
+            enhanced_scores = all_scores.clone()
+            query_features = query.mean(dim=1)  # [batch_size, dim]
+            
+            # 预先计算所有候选条目的嵌入（批量优化）
+            all_candidate_indices = torch.cat([all_indices[i] for i in range(batch_size)], dim=0)
+            unique_indices, inverse_indices = torch.unique(all_candidate_indices, return_inverse=True)
+            
+            # 批量计算唯一候选条目的嵌入
+            candidate_tokens = self.weight_down_embed[unique_indices]
+            flat_tokens = candidate_tokens.view(-1)
+            flat_embeddings = self.tok_embeddings(flat_tokens)
+            unique_candidate_features = flat_embeddings.view(
+                len(unique_indices), self.knowledge_length, -1
+            ).mean(dim=1)  # [num_unique_candidates, dim]
+            
+            # 归一化候选特征（优化相似度计算）
+            normalized_candidates = F.normalize(unique_candidate_features, dim=-1)
+            normalized_queries = F.normalize(query_features, dim=-1)
+            
+            for batch_idx in range(batch_size):
+                indices = all_indices[batch_idx]
+                scores = all_scores[batch_idx]
+                
+                # 获取当前batch候选条目对应的特征索引
+                start_idx = batch_idx * len(indices)
+                end_idx = start_idx + len(indices)
+                batch_inverse_indices = inverse_indices[start_idx:end_idx]
+                
+                # 使用预计算的归一化特征进行优化相似度计算
+                batch_candidate_features = normalized_candidates[batch_inverse_indices]
+                query_feature = normalized_queries[batch_idx]
+                
+                # 使用矩阵乘法计算余弦相似度
+                similarity_scores = torch.mv(batch_candidate_features, query_feature)
+                
+                # 应用相关性阈值过滤
+                relevance_probs = F.softmax(similarity_scores.float(), dim=-1).to(dtype)
+                mean_prob = relevance_probs.mean()
+                adaptive_threshold = max(self.relevance_threshold * mean_prob, mean_prob * 0.5)
+                relevant_mask = relevance_probs > adaptive_threshold
+                
+                if relevant_mask.sum() == 0:
+                    # 如果没有相关候选，选择相似度最高的
+                    top_k = min(5, len(indices))
+                    _, top_indices = similarity_scores.topk(top_k)
+                    relevant_mask = torch.zeros_like(relevant_mask, dtype=torch.bool)
+                    relevant_mask[top_indices] = True
+                
+                # 在相关候选中应用负载均衡
+                if relevant_mask.sum() > 1:
+                    relevant_indices = indices[relevant_mask]
+                    relevant_usage = self.usage_counts[relevant_indices]
+                    
+                    # 计算平衡分数
+                    balance_scores = 1.0 / (relevant_usage + 1.0)
+                    balance_scores = balance_scores / (balance_scores.sum() + 1e-8)
+                    
+                    # 相关性分数
+                    relevant_rel_scores = relevance_probs[relevant_mask]
+                    relevant_rel_scores = relevant_rel_scores / (relevant_rel_scores.sum() + 1e-8)
+                    
+                    # 综合分数
+                    combined_scores = (self.current_relevance_weight * relevant_rel_scores + 
+                                     self.current_balance_weight * balance_scores.to(dtype))
+                    
+                    # 应用调整
+                    adjustment = self.base_balance_strength * combined_scores.to(dtype)
+                    enhanced_scores[batch_idx, relevant_mask] = scores[relevant_mask] + adjustment
+            
+            return enhanced_scores.to(device)
+
     def q_to_k(self,x):
         # 1. 生成queries
         self.batch_size, seq_len, dim = x.shape
@@ -570,10 +659,18 @@ class ExtractDB(nn.Module):
         all_indices = (indices_x.unsqueeze(-1) * self.num_keys) + indices_y.unsqueeze(-2)
         all_indices = all_indices.view(*all_indices.shape[:-2], -1)
 
-            # 5. 最终top-k选择
-            scores, pk_indices = all_scores.topk(self.num_experts_per_head_topk, dim=-1)
+        # 5. 应用智能分层选择策略
+        enhanced_scores = self.intelligent_selection(x, all_scores, all_indices)
+
+        # 6. 基于增强后的分数进行最终top-k选择
+        scores, pk_indices = enhanced_scores.topk(self.num_experts_per_head_topk, dim=-1)
         indices = all_indices.gather(-1, pk_indices)
+        
         flat_indices = indices.view(-1)
+        
+        # 7. 更新使用统计
+        self.update_usage_statistics(flat_indices)
+        
         return flat_indices
 
     def get_data(self, index):
@@ -599,10 +696,18 @@ class MiniMindLM(PreTrainedModel):
         self.params = params or LMConfig()
         super().__init__(self.params)
         self.vocab_size, self.n_layers = params.vocab_size, params.n_layers
+        
+        # 先创建token embeddings
         self.tok_embeddings = nn.Embedding(params.vocab_size, params.dim)
         self.dropout = nn.Dropout(params.dropout)
-        # 移除旧的weight_down_embed声明
-        self.extract_db = ExtractDB(self.params)
+        
+        # 根据配置选择ExtractDB版本
+        # use_direct_semantic = getattr(params, 'use_direct_semantic', False)
+        # if use_direct_semantic:
+        #     self.extract_db = ExtractDB_DirectSemantic(self.params, self.tok_embeddings)
+        # else:
+        #     self.extract_db = ExtractDB(self.params, self.tok_embeddings)
+        self.extract_db = ExtractDB_DirectSemantic(self.params, self.tok_embeddings)
 
         # 将self.weight_down_embed传递给每个MiniMindBlock
         self.layers = nn.ModuleList([MiniMindBlock(l, params) for l in range(self.n_layers)])
@@ -652,13 +757,6 @@ class MiniMindLM(PreTrainedModel):
         h_list = []
 
         for l, layer in enumerate(self.layers):
-            # 禁用数据库模式，使用固定值替代数据库查询
-            if self.params.disable_db:
-                # 创建一个形状为[batch_size, n_layers, dim]的tensor，所有元素值为1e-4
-                batch_size = h.size(0)
-                db_value = torch.full((batch_size, self.n_layers, self.params.dim), 1e-4,
-                                      dtype=h.dtype, device=h.device)
-            else:
             # 正常模式，使用数据库查询
             # import pdb;pdb.set_trace()
             index = self.extract_db.q_to_k(h)
@@ -778,3 +876,205 @@ class MiniMindLM(PreTrainedModel):
             yield input_ids[:, start:]
             if input_ids_next.item() == eos_token_id:
                 break
+
+class ExtractDB_DirectSemantic(nn.Module):
+    """直接语义匹配的数据库检索模块，完全移除Product Key"""
+    def __init__(self, params, tok_embeddings=None):
+        super().__init__()
+        self.batch_size = None
+        self.dim = params.dim
+        self.knowledge_num = params.knowledge_num
+        self.knowledge_length = params.knowledge_length
+        self.tok_embeddings = tok_embeddings
+        self.num_experts_per_head_topk = 1
+        
+        # 训练步数管理
+        self.current_step = 0
+        self.realtime_threshold = getattr(params, 'realtime_steps', 800)  # 前800步实时计算
+        
+        # 渐进式缓存策略参数
+        self.knowledge_update_rate = 0.01  # 每步更新1%的知识
+        self.knowledge_per_step = max(1, int(self.knowledge_num * self.knowledge_update_rate))
+        self.update_cycle = 100  # 100步循环
+        
+        # 知识库存储
+        self.register_buffer('weight_down_embed', 
+            torch.randint(low=0, high=6400, size=(self.knowledge_num, self.knowledge_length), dtype=torch.long)
+        )
+        
+        # 嵌入缓存
+        self.knowledge_embeddings_cache = None
+        self.cache_update_mask = torch.zeros(self.knowledge_num, dtype=torch.bool)  # 跟踪哪些已更新
+        
+        # 归一化缓存（用于优化相似度计算）
+        self.normalized_knowledge_cache = None
+        self.normalization_valid = False
+        
+        # 负载均衡组件
+        self.register_buffer('usage_counts', torch.zeros(self.knowledge_num))
+        self.register_buffer('total_queries', torch.tensor(0.0))
+        self.momentum = getattr(params, 'db_momentum', 0.9)
+        self.balance_strength = getattr(params, 'db_balance_strength', 0.1)
+        
+    def should_use_realtime_computation(self):
+        """判断是否应该使用实时计算"""
+        return self.current_step < self.realtime_threshold
+        
+    def get_knowledge_indices_to_update(self):
+        """获取本步需要更新的知识条目索引"""
+        if self.should_use_realtime_computation():
+            # 前800步：全部实时计算
+            return torch.arange(self.knowledge_num)
+        
+        # 后续步数：循环更新策略
+        cycle_position = self.current_step % self.update_cycle
+        start_idx = (cycle_position * self.knowledge_per_step) % self.knowledge_num
+        end_idx = min(start_idx + self.knowledge_per_step, self.knowledge_num)
+        
+        return torch.arange(start_idx, end_idx)
+    
+    def update_knowledge_embeddings(self, force_all=False):
+        """智能更新知识嵌入缓存"""
+        if force_all or self.should_use_realtime_computation():
+            # 全量更新
+            indices_to_update = torch.arange(self.knowledge_num)
+        else:
+            # 渐进式更新
+            indices_to_update = self.get_knowledge_indices_to_update()
+        
+        if len(indices_to_update) == 0:
+            return
+            
+        # 初始化缓存
+        if self.knowledge_embeddings_cache is None:
+            # 获取tok_embeddings的dtype，确保类型一致
+            dummy_input = torch.zeros(1, dtype=torch.long, device=self.weight_down_embed.device)
+            dummy_embedding = self.tok_embeddings(dummy_input)
+            embedding_dtype = dummy_embedding.dtype
+            
+            self.knowledge_embeddings_cache = torch.zeros(
+                self.knowledge_num, self.dim, 
+                device=self.weight_down_embed.device,
+                dtype=embedding_dtype  # 使用与tok_embeddings相同的dtype
+            )
+        
+        with torch.no_grad():
+            # 只更新指定的知识条目
+            tokens_to_update = self.weight_down_embed[indices_to_update]  # [num_update, knowledge_length]
+            flat_tokens = tokens_to_update.view(-1)  # [num_update * knowledge_length]
+            
+            # 批量计算嵌入
+            flat_embeddings = self.tok_embeddings(flat_tokens)  # [num_update * knowledge_length, dim]
+            
+            # 重塑并平均池化
+            updated_embeddings = flat_embeddings.view(
+                len(indices_to_update), self.knowledge_length, -1
+            ).mean(dim=1)  # [num_update, dim]
+            
+            # 更新缓存 - 现在类型应该匹配了
+            self.knowledge_embeddings_cache[indices_to_update] = updated_embeddings
+            self.cache_update_mask[indices_to_update] = True
+            
+        # 使归一化缓存失效
+        self.normalization_valid = False
+        
+    def get_normalized_knowledge_embeddings(self):
+        """获取归一化的知识嵌入（用于优化相似度计算）"""
+        if not self.normalization_valid or self.normalized_knowledge_cache is None:
+            if self.knowledge_embeddings_cache is None:
+                self.update_knowledge_embeddings(force_all=True)
+            
+            self.normalized_knowledge_cache = F.normalize(
+                self.knowledge_embeddings_cache, dim=-1
+            )
+            self.normalization_valid = True
+            
+        return self.normalized_knowledge_cache
+    
+    def optimized_similarity_computation(self, query_features):
+        """优化的相似度计算"""
+        # 归一化查询特征
+        normalized_query = F.normalize(query_features, dim=-1)  # [batch_size, dim]
+        
+        # 获取归一化的知识嵌入
+        normalized_knowledge = self.get_normalized_knowledge_embeddings()  # [knowledge_num, dim]
+        
+        # 使用矩阵乘法计算余弦相似度
+        similarities = torch.mm(normalized_query, normalized_knowledge.t())  # [batch_size, knowledge_num]
+        
+        return similarities
+    
+    def apply_load_balancing(self, similarities):
+        """应用负载均衡策略"""
+        if not self.training or self.total_queries == 0:
+            return similarities
+            
+        # 计算使用频率
+        usage_rates = self.usage_counts / (self.total_queries + 1e-8)
+        
+        # 创建平衡偏置（低频率条目获得正偏置）
+        max_usage = usage_rates.max()
+        balance_bias = self.balance_strength * (max_usage - usage_rates + 1e-8).log()
+        
+        # 应用偏置
+        balanced_similarities = similarities + balance_bias.unsqueeze(0)
+        
+        return balanced_similarities
+    
+    def update_usage_statistics(self, selected_indices):
+        """更新使用统计"""
+        if not self.training:
+            return
+            
+        with torch.no_grad():
+            # 统计当前batch中每个条目的使用次数
+            batch_usage = torch.zeros(self.knowledge_num, device=selected_indices.device)
+            unique_indices, counts = torch.unique(selected_indices, return_counts=True)
+            batch_usage[unique_indices] = counts.float()
+            
+            # 更新统计
+            self.usage_counts.copy_(
+                self.momentum * self.usage_counts + (1 - self.momentum) * batch_usage
+            )
+            self.total_queries.copy_(self.total_queries + selected_indices.numel())
+    
+    def q_to_k(self, x):
+        """直接语义检索的主方法"""
+        self.current_step += 1
+        batch_size, seq_len, dim = x.shape
+        
+        # 智能更新知识嵌入缓存
+        self.update_knowledge_embeddings()
+        
+        # 计算查询特征（序列平均）
+        query_features = x.mean(dim=1)  # [batch_size, dim]
+        
+        # 优化的相似度计算
+        similarities = self.optimized_similarity_computation(query_features)
+        
+        # 应用负载均衡
+        balanced_similarities = self.apply_load_balancing(similarities)
+        
+        # 选择top-k
+        _, indices = balanced_similarities.topk(self.num_experts_per_head_topk, dim=-1)
+        flat_indices = indices.view(-1)
+        
+        # 更新使用统计
+        self.update_usage_statistics(flat_indices)
+        
+        return flat_indices
+    
+    def get_data(self, index):
+        """获取数据，与原版本兼容"""
+        return self.weight_down_embed[index]
+    
+    @torch.no_grad()
+    def updata_value(self, k, v):
+        """更新数据，与原版本兼容"""
+        v_reshaped = v.view(v.size(0), -1)
+        v_reshaped = v_reshaped.to(dtype=self.weight_down_embed.dtype)
+        self.weight_down_embed[k] = v_reshaped
+        
+        # 标记相关缓存需要更新
+        self.cache_update_mask[k] = False
+        self.normalization_valid = False